In the context of stuttering modification, what is meant by 'cancellation'?

Cancellation is a specific technique within stuttering modification therapy that enables the individual to manage a stutter once it has begun. This approach involves the speaker consciously stalling or pausing during the stutter, allowing them to "cancel" the moment of disfluency. After experiencing a stutter, the speaker is encouraged to reflect on the moment, acknowledge it, and then attempt to produce the word again more fluently. This technique helps the individual gain better control over their speech, ultimately reducing fear and anxiety associated with stuttering.

The other options do not align with the concept of cancellation. Avoiding speaking entirely does not address stuttering directly and instead encourages avoidance behavior. Modifying vocal pitch, while potentially relevant in other speech contexts, does not specifically address the stuttering behavior. Similarly, medication may be useful for certain conditions, but it is not a fundamental technique in stuttering modification therapy. Thus, the focus on managing the stuttering moment itself is what defines the cancellation technique and makes it the correct response.