What phonetic characteristic is associated with literal paraphasia?

Literal paraphasia is specifically characterized by phonetic errors in speech, which often involve adding, substituting, or omitting sounds or letters within words. This can lead to instances where the intended word is distorted, yet it remains phonetically similar to the target word. For example, a person might say "tabel" instead of "table." This type of error showcases that there is an attempt to produce recognizable words, even though the phonetic output is incorrect.

The other options describe different types of language errors that are not indicative of literal paraphasia. Using non-words in speech aligns more with neologisms, while creating irrelevant phrases is typically associated with more severe speech output disruptions seen in conditions like jargon aphasia. Substituting words with complete nonsense can represent a significant breakdown in language processing but does not fit the definition of literal paraphasia, which maintains some phonetic integrity in attempted verbalizations. Thus, the phonetic errors that define literal paraphasia are crucial for understanding how this type of speech disruption manifests in individuals with language impairment.