Which of the following is a common etiology for UUMN dysarthria?

UUMN (Unilateral Upper Motor Neuron) dysarthria often arises from conditions that affect the upper motor neurons, which are responsible for the control of voluntary movement. A common etiology for UUMN dysarthria is indeed stroke. When a stroke occurs in one hemisphere of the brain, it can lead to weakness or paralysis on the opposite side of the body, including the muscles used for speech.

Neurodegenerative diseases and toxic-metabolic diseases can also lead to UUMN dysarthria, although they may more commonly result in other types of dysarthria due to their broader impact on motor control. For example, conditions like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or multiple sclerosis can affect the upper motor neurons, resulting in dysarthria symptoms. Additionally, toxic-metabolic issues like exposure to toxins or malnutrition may affect overall motor function, including speech.

Considering these factors, it is accurate to state that both neurodegenerative and toxic-metabolic diseases contribute to UUMN dysarthria alongside stroke. Therefore, recognizing that all three etiologies are relevant to this type of dysarthria validates the answer choice that includes them collectively.