Which of the following retrieval methods involves reconstructing information from fragmented memories?

Recollection is the retrieval method that specifically involves reconstructing information from fragmented memories. It refers to the process where an individual brings to mind a complete memory or information that isn’t directly present but is instead derived from bits and pieces stored in the brain. This process often requires cognitive effort, as the memory may not be fully intact, requiring the individual to piece together different elements to create a coherent understanding.

In the context of memory retrieval, recall typically refers to retrieving information without cues, often from memory directly. Recognition involves identifying previously encountered information, which does not require reconstructing fragmented memories but rather recognizing complete pieces of information among options. Relearning focuses on the process of learning information again after forgetting it, which does not inherently involve reconstructing fragmented memories. Thus, recollection is the retrieval method that most accurately reflects the act of tapping into bits of memory to reconstruct a whole.